BlockChain Explorer

Blockchain Technology

What is Blockchain?

Blockchain is a decentralized, distributed ledger technology that records transactions across a network of computers. Each block contains transaction data and is linked to previous blocks, forming an immutable chain.

Decentralized

No single entity controls the network - it's maintained by a distributed network of participants.

Transparent

All transactions are public and can be verified by anyone on the network.

Immutable

Once recorded, data cannot be altered without changing all subsequent blocks.

Understanding Gas Fees & EIP-1559

What are Gas Fees?

Gas fees are payments made by users to compensate for the computing energy required to process and validate transactions on the Ethereum network.

Gas Fee Calculator

Base Fee (Gwei)

Priority Fee (Gwei)

Total Gas Fee

32 Gwei

(0.000000032 ETH)

💡 Base fee is burned

💡 Priority fee goes to miners

💡 1 Gwei = 10^-9 ETH

Pre EIP-1559

First-price auction model
Unpredictable gas fees
Users bid gas prices

Post EIP-1559

Base fee + Priority fee model
More predictable fees
Base fee is burned

Gas Fee Tips

Tips for optimizing your gas fees on the network.

Explore, interact, and send real transactions on the Sepolia Testnet

Blockchain Network

1875b5e8e8207f7123c6231a8093517d1c134c38a4d770fa7d36fdbf07bc7762

4912fee0e1e1b8eecd8d5d6c7ca17f834cac8c89a554716ebd1ca7cee9a1b17e

1587dd0dd344d297f7fcc85c8e64c26c07db73b4765428755f27c2acecbdff23

4baa2c8b910dd28855f249cb2be205ae308276edb29d304aa8e6b17457fd9c6e

6381f2bfa910176b4571d79684ca7783bbdb8420b639ff62e8c946b6ecd88895

ba0bce0093f4d9e47855b300bd0dafb269af1ed04bf72892eb659fca4617af77

48939208743130634d44621dd3d909537fc497cecb89ba8a88cd485aeeb1d6f9

42bfd54c4722f10c7ac6127582503fca27a746f017ab058231e44da3d1da9592

cb6238599273c2291777a451c384a5160c366c4eaed0546b405537c2bf00c243

cf5f841b69df6a79d61f38896bfa14a9e4f48d9b7ee7f85a5aca76b325ab3f09

fcde559a4343b9698e6fcaba962855cd20fc725e17ea6c09974b2cf7c0e86977

da70fbf71cb6a437de8341ca5f5f7999b0a1552a6d24744c30b6e5c93b471197

704fff82933fb6e1a990694d58e49956d1ccdd246d42f7bff8931102b75ebae9

7112e0097cae2675addd847c81c42b05c8ca37f18397cdfeb6811d144b855c81

634bb3c5f06177cecf2952cf41105a4d210563e503b0e465dd55eeca09d6448c

dff7cc7e64200ecf7c1daf096843090271c9bc241b9c9c863c26cd4b84611cd3

65211c262d4c7470cfef66a9c5c1d8838e5bb71a52a572f7d40d9dc4c3151c6b

c676ce15b883ebd9e214fc013d2bc7e3a67be4fbcb9cac3dd917da4639216b17

b0be30b71cfa1d28747e89c6e599a7a2e3e00f09706316e0065c0aa3f071e871

ee00ef6fd8c7ca8e3baaebc39a63ec7d610dec415853ce077dada93cfcd13225

4e517115a6db2cabb86558a818161b0e549ea8ebe1a54c83f20a9eb77041a3af

b98ed265d5a8c62234f1ab87c1b207281813557601cd23387611fe08f9692727

a4d6efb7faa76a5c33e1c958369c91baf1c7f9dd07e5143d7ec761b0bb7746a6

896c079d44391b9eef9a0f655b0950c7cc0d7ea2751178b36a778e0845a7fb09

7a0e3311968ddc31948d5cd0f8c533e98204fdd825da277f51bbdc41dfa6e5b5

d119319976c01c7da35819e89ba79e7d5eb3c36e40c36715618c8ee280ec5d1f

b35b776c8cb003c4949e94a77cb6f7247c858f4e76cc24967b57a0a1bc05848e

cf614c24ab7b457053c6f9317707cd04c9e8d5a40c5fd74557e44245ebc18ff5

bd2bd2c84414197de4fefbcf0ea6c69d78db1221ff3cb77188210b068023f0f4

92fee2bb5c620eebc3116784dc3e82a582b96f72aac5bdcc3c1157a80e4d2f24

9458bacff42e1f6d66ba696d3b49405755dbd18aa59fa33fdaf56ec61e32dd7e

e76955969e57eaf9dcc2a115ddab52489139c4b9565fdfc9925dfb6ff99ff573

aba7dfcf182693262e52e34637efabefdc0e1333033baacce37653c24dff0e54

58d49c34426422f6debee72609b755502c143210265e142c01852d7ae0bc5401

1f03e3e040f5a6314db6a729b5c79a22b6e1c31105dd15bb402704db2e0a50e9

44c9a055ae2354a9b2318c92290f1ab9e6a35c5342c4a7a988f882b207537227

baf1899a33d6b4baab42f7829267154473720192cdccdc69dee4bc6e055a40c7

2fec2ec932e69af840b2a1ee88e8b59b489f9e3dec7f5f8bf25d6368509b01d1

5f2f4d82f210d0118ddfe382fbfc13dac67660d4f95070aade08fc67adb47d40

0f20fd0abfc818ba326dc5645ba4559d0b84e6573212b0b1267b8cebffc6092a

f4758e607204212f9c38cf65e2dff20766546792f9388fda0dfe8c65f8a98eee

44b5fc333f82e2f5b0e269b5485ad589bb5f85e3185826c30290ecc1b58e663f

d43c1989e411097e15798e9335f540b2c51daccf5caf1155b5645bde48e6d5da

4d29b5bf260e203d95358866b7b015d2d0420aac8fbfd4b44edd40e536f3dcb2

dfac743dbd997dece7fd9cb720a4fa5eeab610967dc11b39203b241f14435933

0ad4c338e0397c0df6c5408927a8aa824c6ecf943364c3a056dab88198f87814

057bfd71cda7dce3964b989a7dd37dc2068fdc43ff591d95051e9b7b3fc5ccbd

93e26b6af5f6a146e9c304fec097f41ff8bc37feb2f90c3310485237fc321fe1

b3dd2b71dceff58ae57fcead83a9daf69ea770412f1ee4552b22f4683a3f9f49

398e4f0b3b9692d9daa5d08f20edb8f9630660e57ab81e44822e0a420fc7f0d8

f6b7439e3e80e5597c11e72f08c77a63887fba5b119f14f66949a15e060b8320

411c68291278cb1ea58b6303ca7d28dada6e98c4770d3b5e9a265bcacc40752c

a42312862512668d06a432d44f7dbf924d634dd1d892393df34d265e0c4eb15c

f3ae8d5753de495c0244726c0fcc86f906803cb03c4ff7bbc73fc306367935ef

8a6cc8ed3674c8eba99a88dde2124d982569da82e9107a910f88f135cbfe41f3

10c8ffc356b73eb576bfe3186ef627f21c7548ca0cd2896d212daad75bdf08b9

44cc8b92947165578a493421d90620cc91496bc403b8240fe4c8624f62746a8a

be7352c95a708f6399f36768f003d2e48d2a87731950f0518552d08e4a4b88d7

6fd1f0641ca2bb176b5af74e0018c0924ae29bbe6ad157f8709e6a0529eaab22

4c7bcd1eb6a53e82b8a9318b9f4bb5bd14d72309a95d073fa5ff2713c48ad7ca

de36731f35e076c51e854f1e4c54fe0b13e6f4d5b55f0910b51334c70676ff9f

d6b51e44b4cbc42de837a023c9952717b176d0808d41d58310d7e1938d13a109

bce50999d8ebf25a32be28941c6aa22ecdebfab335d2fcea4f7bc3f764241561

0ef86fde4fa5710c44c363ca988eb13746a7551b73b11e963e1e122699446d49

0a733f9bffae19bcb6b6e58d9c1e871d507d62a841a1e1a3c95b1c0b87bbcc1e

9decb0e277a8aecb8ffbad8a53ad6f3d4ed9eec3ba827619e81b1c6f3fc4712f

f6a6c8b19bd5261d0f12c26b8d41982020f0936c5cf85471aee55d5357e069f2

8d2a3cde83b2de71dcd5b851bcc880711b614856385c64d7887774d283846dd6

634105df72373a7a96dbb6abf6c55e91be77922f0f0926da33c1c353aeb85d02

d28d571aeab6b25a2ef96515208b2532f4868937fc309c6472f48492667f3cb3

235ef0af7917700cae97b79dab8ce94b5a51f3612fa57461ed49fb1b6af80a90

ff9c24d7e736c1f84a65f71e7f4710d8e04f95e32f1c54aa2705880733f2ce97

5a9cad39b5e0ad39997c880415ed38d049a0496e063b93f362b8fa80d4e5d042

70084cfea54c2e2c28cac3a96066208491f5014b926faadaf69dab162558dc94

ba965a9a596ac172db12cb3528f4acbcf83a5b1b2d3a9ff0265978f99d5bb3d0

b3505eb0cc5aa2e2f110c86ac0bc7d0d35e1a539dbe2bb328c6bdff63a064b19

b1da5a0ca09372b3116694946529af71257078be877fe4a24c69bdfbb8a9df81

32e665e18f5b84443ea6449c1be7a547c418d1f69f6434053f7e6c75f23303e4

120d4b9e9e2a1b587223e5e94aa8a9d95339fe6dafdedc51ba2139b66bdd4e3f

e1142b08fb1bc3b5ce109ecb25113e0287472bfad69699e61702fef6560f2c5d

59e406dc063512f5cc8b053d2f823f93b8817b6e6f53e5b25302e67e37fbe5e7

a23f067b210d618c3d423d9c758919d9e729c19c34ef87dcf17a2b3326c0d3a8

d93e3844336c6b993f9753bb5051185a9d68c0aae89e8504f77cb290ad8b77e8

af8c4c856b87914ab032cd188dab9c7fdc44c4f346c6cbf87e6b6a2469eb781d

28bc4b32edaf720cd900f87213095f6663e76b1474b1dc2427cbb9771d81cb33

5da3b04c72feefcf43305c20bde37bdbf585a4482cb4838cecb97fa6fc421d74

364cf6741f0ba148f27c373ec4ee2c6113829083afb13e29bf67f417651fa9e8

9335580f3c82539bb497d27d5a60317fe15b2f1713632898cacd85e5b6ba6fc5

be0152098e32764e70ae596691fee39ec19daec2b00186e921538b5416eba67d

56dae5a77cd624dc51b90d43a71144632939f488bc723dbb43961524b9c49b42

fb8f5ff695146fc1f8b4f734971e03c31be720394428723581a2092c823823e6

053deb34eafdd2a4389c92e20221777facdb3bbfaf73f9532fa7644e53b99fec

cdd9f6fbad11c1be5f4eebe520eb2ad0e2f1d5fac21f361582b4ec3d4a1731fa

ce6e3953a37d56412c374235a5dbea71a44c4cabb629277cba3c4b95bbf3117c

87ffad1843d5dc55a7b7ed1b713942a249fb89b27aad56d1fbe87965ed381b40

cf5ed2da74e5e56fa7a2f39957c21df243977f8030c5503134f488e647e77c00

6c39cca75a569165fe45542fbf13f2fac17c8afcbcb586626c77d1aa4a60ecfc

da59b5363750bcfcfe2406facf8ac69279fcd1111d49139e0ead5609fdaafa9a

ee42d99dd4610bb4869178d12145aab70bbba91dfb73ce89f716a96707b6e6a0

3e1b4421a2294dce77c29ec7386fcca8e972420729f4e16f2546ad4a3ee2e827

aa566152e7011c3778198d4fa24d6959121a3a0a2188c0e6fd3e309c32961215

f3c129d177fc1cdbb0470ad4f8ae0fef447ef3bde9db34aa49352a88323f793c

2437da374eec33792108e67a636fe7466eef10bd40fb04d91523e5d73c22d4f8

259e4f624c5b056996594e6c32f991d87136673157eff55fceec8d0aa8569cbb

e2faeab6f1bb98e1e29bb84a2c962b21de2f0a738e24f482b58e6b811172a18e

7e1992933a891c6ff9597ff192dbcc17d0725b0bd9a356989579178e5e44e6e2

41e90c5bbf08d241e3d7bf3a7baedbf14b2e901ab7a9c32d9ec04237dbeadaa4

90d533f8bf72f694b4a4870b41764cc03c7f78fa729e4b5acb5c49f1375066ef

fe1755480c54f6bc1d45557e6cc0f355354ba9eeeb0f1749697b466d09acb1ac

376988f3defe4505fde6158d0f1fada4f77fa10cbb08768ac5f3b885dfa9f960

d07becb2c572475181d23df00948730412b3a4b2f2444d4422df273fb6ee663c

9dfbc095bd747ed00fcb1a712c13d41c194964ab05afad30eb50606fbf0fff30

6d1ff6c81c78a6d1fa184afedb373a60b79dc78d20dd77bbeeb310fc043e7653

33bd4d0e962fa12024ed6cb7118be56d144c96e5391ed7974a7e590099134e92

f0126d75f88d34f54211ac828accd962377cbebad0bfdf556edac67223ce7f4a

8ee116fd5a3d5c1b4b7d16021691d0d137e569d9b60caa72db27a025b3248e3d

854b88027428fcee04f0962dd13e6a0fb9a475e436a12cdd786dfe45acf08e7c

abacaf6b7d16dd11c521ad05543a64f6ffaea678d20e2533f2e59ed9dd38fd45

af16e5aab0051e7c214fd31e757714a0144be690b035461a625aafff59e1ea03

2e114ec6fde619b749f542676ac160caed14ade95eb13689b9af220347e9b7b0

3ce42ce81553de3925ed90aab6f570f90f3d5d85497f7512a9ebe101d7242f84

8420784df874ba19b1f1770abf578869e2f04e833ad6c6983adebcf2854a3bad

4e725f7b64e4f013b75e11f22d5bd2a3a70a67b4ac994e833f2e6b07c9ae13ac

9bce91f574e4f4edb6ab67733880d2e5769d3a995a494a1a0157bc6fa2661736

e23dbed7f2381a662d01300c1a587b15bfa7f4e0ebf8eb6057007a1430e09e63

14be6f3dee0be47bda84320364ef641b7ca1507022b4a8c05ff6510af87600b7

ccba652df8a1203073a584283d0c1032f91ed53e428155f927a3181840482acb

9bba4b4c20c98be07cdadb21aa41cc04a68a6049fabd0f9b355499cd6b7ca76b

f240c551fc060fda47f06a2732339814ed856248ffa407cab7fca1ff6640de7f

78f900d7876bd611dbcdff0aeb83bd39bb04e405be3b0b5355d3f3ee403499b7

2d9399ab323f53b67f36cbafad4e125f70ec6735de3da7c767936afc9bc9d79e

97a4486b2cb7ca23fd80d9e8fbe0ccc76bebabbfe0f67080cb13e50d6731cfae

8c03de19a0ba516a09b77077c4da1c5c378ca6c936fae8cd00f4b4b6ee908f44

1fe013eb9ff33f07ed92f3159826fcc70a090238e7b7a685540882e0273a72bb

d246023c95ef62840c89edfeba39e82bd28cc843d9c8e0286ddd5621ccbe25ce

0d550fc852a0747ed947a0725e3ca5255893e0e0a893fa39970af0a1b7415d4b

029ace0f73a47fac861970b979e6d557b12f223d5f4fdc15c00f9e66a720bdc2

c650fad0cf142479889107904585552a2b711a4d01dff2d71749beeb84741c1c

d5a4c5aa42a99759e33e6638814d0e6a55ebdabb5ff4e68ab2cadfbe8780f435

af36695cdf4ab52f9575c50e8379c220f3c50940f3cde16899b4245037cceaed

ff6bf667b9c26eb9466793210021785d05ac89cbcc3297f7625d9cac356bbbfa

c6ca8c0bcdc75aa89a3576cea3504217a8da83fb6bd8df6142d68ae495dc1e97

dba28d283b7e46c9d972d3eb6a2542037585f1df884ead414ad11fcfe03bd132

1ae245351bd6935afc016d489cea668d18c3061e75de04f9185e3b8474b48f4f

996d8bbbb02b55425d181cd0279341f68609920adfea3c7db50096ca1141371e

7f24263115c8398685784f38825274285dc3bdd872d510482160ced8234cf1c3

2adb0de62e3b442621d99e7fa644b9de9c5601814936580af06ad8f506515f3b

daedc4e3cb8be7439cbc10506074aec97952f8c2287730b0b73a84a660ba0a47

3908c6b486af5492a5dbae173b798766e5e1716ffc830e56b3e27621f19860bb

b6b8d7f8ac57cab95bdf37d5a9e3e245b93773c1eaca720196252125debef076

b30e1f42913218008fb3dfae848e360ab73842603ffecc35e39446d52eca2dc5

465ec2a13ad17b46317b1b53eb0124c5d3e3eedabc0229178e06b8fd4e721df8

7cd705dca76e155e11a8e44260700535ec334e2f0a80870a95e1f6ad225dd8be

6ae2594f34cb5940b24ddb00416978eb61577c465fa01712908199bec26259ae

d13893f91050385cf1dc111cd1bc8193e73001bca9e71abad6cf9972bb24331b

c6a412c2e8c45e6446b6d5bc1aed215694cd87a5c8339268f54929ab22f42907

22bbd5e777ef541db639a1224491ed5a5d2d27b36a586948d60564a76f4f664e

ce0be861d3dd62711d19f447279ac28a348d9069287b50e1a50241c0a25e8f5f

c5bcdaac9553e09a2b1c996fd49051237cc8466f8157290b9a2c0c7ad3ff2303

5d0aba87261addb2165c9fb28c09530e246d4ac5dc8595a0761b9e0220010428

d5588f6f569754aade2c8190a0178f3bb2d265b474a1629f836de84820c9cb31

21bfaffc790c3086b548f219e72191ac0a7ed808ce17674c776b58d02da4b31b

0e52957a97e090a706994ec9fee07790f2651e84e5a789fb32fdf0e3ac019141

e07cc65aec93ff07b14dcbe478ab8e20ce84f90dcf72427fe1c9d3d2f8fcec8b

f695b2ad69265b30d063f6383b5fa8dbd0169f6173887ec2b7ffe24dd80c0631

803047964d30995dee63c633db88d1e2d8e23b95951c875083302b53d9d8f8c9

72d22e9f6df49c7be174cafb26e6c544d489b75d7a6409867b17acdd1b85168b

c9fba7c454f5c1f2e575cf628583d6e163a55b9793985fb7d4eabca5872537dc

bff3ec37e591dce596b879b1115304f4aa0e49a8c38f3ee63402bc7e330f7ad7

25b89cad3fcc926e5329c47d7b6ec95ecaaa0380b3e3f8a4260c907169822d68

10ef401cdd8da1fc217e80eb3cc7d5a3b73de30d4d70ebed6934e2872f986ff0

f9f3ab9312c458f835f8e796fe64a8901d611b157fca1520f150f3778dbce650

c366bb7796c25c5eaf00b32e93b8bdef754c47e2297da37032a17451024f961e

5a931cccf64987f249167e77bfe5f5e81e025b040dc49c1fb8790af60eef85f0

e2c50135c35c0a046dcd717450cb2c8dee97573e98769366b834791879874a04

0a34a33a20f47c11d0952d74910e6c53a5f4e58ee75e6108f8f5dbc1a9d4d610

d7c5daaa9e31e6aee4088eb18586db70c1a0986aeed9bf9522de4aaf675f596f

e5172d247679cdf9f3cb44b3e45a91f44394a27a72f801adcc90905c62441593

a5aa995e79db397a2cb219efd2018666a4f4a3f2d02717effde0fbc382e54562

7a767ffeb7f103ae5d68c09ee296113e7c9902115577680608108ead51e6ae46

66dc74d006d570f6d45591bbea617d3852537c9c260f6a4b993c326f48c0e415

43a7b8f2f9d884ae0a93b912bfc2ed51f3cb3a57121f7d27cca34efa1d738dd2

26a0f868933d5877293f45737182c35f5c9485d8d428545c27bfeeb688df1124

6b310b113e7ee1e3bdd4bf18ff4e4e864f20f8756c7857267278a016cf78abfa

3eb525a49e1989cf8a1c2771d748b558027607c41c22175354e89dd44cb203f9

14fe95576da34316b307b5e462e1de185ae7528d23b9807cecc140c7b34bc618

8ca9d633bffeed3b0a353e454ab4dcf76ab9fab68bcb97ec2a683f52a9d2ad20

69f1de35e842867500024c81d4ec602196a0e9987dfe7aa840b951b6ab1511e1

dad4b1998f318b41c046bd80fad90e772706d428499d826e86c519303ffffc0b

284ee299235aa5d1ced80e297261b7a6aec747708829bce51e80d8e70bc59b68

201c4ebaa6098f335bb9e8c8f19529eb4e7f2d3dea96034ef765ef47a9f6c0cc

096cd78fb028e049622c2398be4fb60f7546bb92a72e1fac06f15b71f7cf3ab3

9c41d3c25b9a6ad5b0d26f6e7e2c7c8ee2b941e2188d84e885577da4e01840e4

c781e6ff4467466f6ac4268b199ec03f584cf6b00c5aee77a8b8a6e59457562c

cdf624facc9c64560e566f716556f7f7802316cf82eecdaa55f4615dd8413ce9

cce68df4775b731de0d1055eb33100ab14f2ec27b90c82fcadd99ce3a9861ab5

a3b309edc66314e45b5cc1572fe95c99e32dcd707631648a22695e859cd139c6

e8207688fb9476d439a118c4395c26e6168c95e4447845928db34bcd70a331f2

3bb2e5117b6c021450422be3cedfba8896ef6e71edbb4a331e7861ea6ed7c823

65d549a4a6ba9c69e0f8f58fe1f3bbab2f508aa4c3274fdb27e997be3f4d2e51

86dd43548bf00953ff8b38aa7022d8810cb32dd95a84f7314d528a75ac104e8e

8a89504b4b3696f57877c6e587949393466d45d796b2871fd9831080407b4018

b0cdceeb0ea1bc3b4cb1271ee76be75008e71eb358bf28c69389d1fe08f645b0

018ba104be767cd604feb38f2e9a538e46d88dc83ca6624286afb12bf5b8f184

c1bbdf3c7b55dca111e0548db8c3e7314ee86a0e71af1e0f56d4bcd9a95e7951

c8733bd329baad521c84748874059f541e03060d5befe12648dcf69134941d71

97b9d9c453597852a91b97903a09ade32d73cc37047ddffe38035eaed452cf32

c6b0cf4df188639c713f44de5474f60d6e89b2b950543b621713af3a4b3ca113

98865ce58a07ae261beea3be0ce9fb4f448b6ca982f4fe1ab3ece52a4b68c583

0d47aa98d6ea9ec4a48ecf567730fe319c2a0e227c169d9cf1fb2c9df83287c9

7c09a82dbeb3fa8474a2878847c10861c185a975c5bce5efa50201543642a76e

b4b9d641253dc0489fb0d961bdf459b23772234530f79c7566db360be1760406

3e7e85d9f61364332328fb276423b9606edbced28bea868127c1c6de440ad316

35d8a65fe2727310ac3c1a14f7cc202cc01ab8169191315311e6aebe903502dc

a8d254b0c6c30e9f9beda667a22236f4622bab6d04b49941a9f63125342ecb47

07ec9c0c42bef176f5d1cca100f494bacf8fc7ec38e65a0376ac434d67e1d8fd

e73f2897d4d27f147b75800d319e6ebcd2be29f0f0af01fb9a0ccf0e685e5e6b

dac02b662aec6f38b3b9356c180c1e3a579fc10c11ad6d636ddf74210683a31c

5dc08b6aed16bab09a3ec826ee70d21146fd6446344ae9958989890ce6f6f235

3bbbf212d06c49b7a77040e33f37ae07e33fd613301333b620dbd0990fa891d4

a6101635b4825632abefe22a3d1213c28b9f0d1394a8fd2e13bf8f0c7cc26f4d

64d1d0acbdab7ff3378cb7fdec665e5a41604e96e82430a6e07a1c1e3130d579

0d8dbe180fb576779646ba424fb50a1aab3877438cff741e2766419f99f9946a

9e125e8dd5dc7d761efc4ddaac64066f953aa0b8f71a43ee962595656ec738cb

48fc9397cfa852c094eec40237e4ff93d6154412cb5ec8ea4c16853baddfd07c

67fc31b96985886ac2ff6892e277ca88891710354b1c69598b0eabcac426c24a

2fb9a7096cd0343a8b7d9d2cc9e4ece44528934f4f19e0ab2ac9dd6826cf2b80

77c0acfab589852ce245aefb8e2cde591da67929c60d4c1c2356245352e5d9e5

e47118e1b71c624b8464146d6660f0c3f8910b6abc4439333b8ffc0623457396

07c8d1c1eb6c420a08b800d9780e3ea2991c06785284db4cd37234b1a6c0ecd0

b05771d8217c39be6292a29b08a14cae315ce165ec49c301f5ba483eb66a7cad

d6571a5f666fc45ec2f332b69469538e8352f66cfd1c643eb55d59f9b2932abf

dc49011904ea8f5aa76bc16cecca3252f287fd90dcac92869c428a5f95db7520

a0b1d304e162b472b2e71f1d2111dc422afea8a277a3aa309fbf20ef7370dc18

d052f6c7c6d66d5ec0aca98135d89a1ed58793791d4150c6e4f9f5327fd874dc

3ea552be55630118276b3754275a2abfa36b37e50486767e4d2c1c16257a1f15

bcd6db2b951ae627b5686b27dee7580cb479b9d63efaafdd8227a86abd873d84

4628633f71b8c521f527ca12e79b35f910228b1c716e678c2e1d79dbcc0cb58a

62e22f02a70322aae3bfaca0bae3ae68068f6d634b19581e44a693f79121847a

c6b8fabf1c8d802e04e582c8a4d450526944d08ea1f86a3d2d9232edf7caba7e

66052956954c2431ef0777c2b561ad5d04c0b64eb3510d0034a0a7aeb90d6bad

89210ee1fe8c9a0607443290b1203155573a7d05ace100c7f883c8ee80a97760

1cebdf9f892e7646292ab2fdd5a7a478e4a35ff18299320fc5aa86e8af0ee545

3a40ede59a14d6da805bf5c75d63bd3d52a068daf369751df7f27cc94a0e5a01

77d250cd75b34d2cb09a26d7d435a12f24129cf4f482c0c5deae63faefd18fc8

3edc6ca76f10d2c26af2f92b74da7a803dd898f13576c5c61df4cb0b574fb97c

16c43ce36220ffa6b22be3eb0ccc23753f3007b0bab7790d6f67053db5e8886d

4bc0402fd4bd258de7582e9bf9287b55761cae4daca96529fc8f34238ae916e8

edb2f5ec619bd87c1199354f7b8174f251747edee9a1affa469f249cea241a3c

7f6207d380928cd111f0e99f2cb41f5367384c08a6b651332d6dfb73085b18f6

f476ec1abdda30f5b2dc5555d89e70765b625be871e48be502278222786e8b63

3ba1f16b545b7fc48cf1d98273c68b114290a84dcdb09ad2b87004fd08ef1b1e

f578ec023d5bb47101a6fb7cca05d76866286321efd03fc013bf5a3bf8b76690

e2d3dfe907f583c2f3d7915fc2b0157e116f679ff839e88b978c6128b455bfb6

7b5678b3681dda78c46ffd8109082554809a270019ed9a1cec91fca5920fbb69

3f611e01b6e86e4bd60fc46df730d9e847a57e9b3f80b54f2ee609e3d684f8ad

090498571bf55a39e6cd239fd10fb4a1ea8098d4d7a7bace59d16a85235b35e5

3975e09168fb547055ca10f514fd41f2820e2d039b6fef03a7abac4c989dd224

390e1a35ed5f5cd91976ec90aa56e778d58cc2696c09d758ea90ed83ea31f9be

e4075f3a704c48adf8bf491b70a0f644956d1172b81ae889b5010329ff15a9ea

1a910ba655fa745db5e6ff1f285763a5ea38896a5b1c893e1c0cb02d35bd42e9

308b7c50dba152c8c7475278f764288fe06d8c72a3120e27f55b5e212610d5b3

54eede5bf5dc33c0f2fc97906c7581775b560173ad6a188d3621c4d12c9bda20

d37af5314b871a339d8e982ea4e30926d2dbc8035c1147e574651af7d87405d7

a277d211eb04763a899095f32fbfc617bd2929f428df032571d974f14542c0ff

f9c410d357989382db25390b77c5c66dcaae5a69212088258e1b2b32beec8898

b53dc290ffa192504d3d2dbe2b3978b8b3f9ecf2f6093dc7e7ba1041636b5c15

8e065b3de359c55951532edffd44144a6dda7e8d48a47faba5083677aac0da75

508303deec9494bcd460167823dd6e771ae08b4310e33de639264b1f21df2e78

8a01ad3994c28985090340f7d9e9931954f0a50b43c9396b3fda3e80dc691092

c0ec1c9917c6a1a44131e7dc12c30327f4f561132584f52790d1751b541c26d5

efcaece37433b8d336543bff515a350a1e8dc21243e04c24d844680f94d7ea16

4ebd6cdf736148339663ae70a06c3b49c1ceca28a555689c7e85d446fb791822

1752d40414364ee9245f9651365050d8aee427541a829dd391d841cc1bf5fbd4

f173626fc3d64b533a5048e1802a0dbfff7c4370c097e73eb2bb87b1e2fe54b8

998e494ffcbed291c6159cedc00b226e6e5f17dcf1e365648c90c469c278463f

461e63b50b753ee1d02dd394a57788c6fc82c8bcf6d2941620bbb2c0de2433cc

8a646b3aa037f5b165cbe2acff435c9357ec80e5138776d6ba3c0740f2061f76

cff1a676905ade5c124c8654e5f243609283c82442b8a2fbd44e7eaa1a777aea

71a0edd4121012563a418c8ccd900988819cff1ab6d84d0191805e29cf70eae8

7c1fa6ff9aadafefd99bfd242bf347a89a9decb69a0a10a7c605aac4871359f2

cbf785a68d50886ed681f85a1de2254f4ededf681a7151d84986f84c4824ae81

644883ba0494afada275b7b44d929ed6d7375fe2b340072beff13e73e5d0d17f

3e8389a1516f865c536d232d18de31c56a6bc22c666ab286a0c9fdac93ea323b

fcf41e1c4eafda055f4b36b0ad9f90f2f67976ed0c81c0d48cb39c7d07160b45

5487f0fdb870715004649dbba0e01f03e4507d244e70cf7783c3bd4b195d7f0b

0ba8101d88ef3a19476e0ae1fb644aec8cb5568058806fce48669aeb645efe2b

752cbbe437a7d483e3d79a5381238a16ecb110de562bde193eb8362c6abdec4d

c3ed19a8c0b3763d45865d8a104e70a032c7848a9c88121525d312aeb95c4350

b0abffc5ace5344f94500fffd1bc88fe77b2751037c1789f76a3562a8a36b666

61f99e0d348d9c7b884b3196c362b341ad490dc38fdc0780dd2632cfad67ce7e

8f66223837ff76ccf4bdc56fb5f3f9ff4b53070a98a7723b3f7160887a5ef3cb

30f0b4314293522afe088c0658f85903c3e578ec95435631ac997d7c44812727

5a655a039c26b0aa0ba0c960f8063651a1cd3217c13047ee5f3212d9d496eb12

6c8508a825ad9efd6921628ac65853437a491ef7f67e47fe17bce0dcda5431b0

1a39dd3ec5443da59f3d1001317af494671efbe587b0cd07b02790550e3fdf87

23bcdeec0a0fd30a1be997a90d03c0271b9aba89740df23d538d00c396ba44eb

1c16f6c4f598a3a889f31585bdcf74df03d78ec3b54734caab46390e86238b67

fe269b7525482f3ad8fb1a23a01dc9680622ff43f5aae06c15f1c09a431ec77f

762e6d8c5afb4ba0e59e89329870afd040de3270e0c1c51bf9de51460a64bf5b

ad06410c42357dcffa3932acf1ce78fd1a429cd31c8cb7dbb78a677b91634c16

ab4b7cda5678598a808df3b1a0c8a9125a6e703bb747a07778c258661a0ddb60

75dc8d014f608e4539282b7ddd5e2a2f8ebda8f284b0e25bc47d21e5af7187b7

ac5c2c7e316bd75093b1adba2336eeaa0a5545830fdf3a32c1f77a94b459af32

cbcd2bbb34b064f20f04557c36b02d723b7a852bddbd0a1d3bdd36cadac4803f

0f3126e9657a4eb498caeba8507230896637aca0e366209593f9007be6d98477

639b6de6e46e6031517111f995c7530ac7f780a9dc5c88be9f716b1337f7b566

bd87d78971fbaaf7468a5a78ecf6dc97e46dd7f9405178909a3e866cd49da000

c163c7b7a42eb86434b31726a316bb69f520b19cb17e4a572273e4baba17a0b7

a546933a331c8c85551af912d49f137cc59d202ed54786025cbec4c9ec8d178c

d023da71a9c451018f73efe346ddf79122f172967e4f0e906205cc99485c7244

39d23454e00cd19eac1f20248993b14974965ff48c5cb1daf2d3d8595af0b10f

608b4462e09586bb55a5a4507e6dd2c591ced16b86ec9437a979f98db9e44457

e2246b21cb9d6de364f76917992b3d54f4ae49742f2ad4c845f7a3c41ee4010f

98596b1373afae72f0ff9fcab26ec29a5bf8dab4174dbf47d7dec50aab54c254

a81814c2edd3daf7a7c8b660005da7b51f840531eb4af29346bfb54d232d9ad8

3d565533862333da3be8b70c316255b7f5e01c9c169cc16efb24f43b5843a41a

9d679fae2284a03e833851a36c2657eaf30b4d3a2ea8c60a1d8eba5f8f9f369e

7decb1b6b729486ff87ab35ac9de66267aa44ebcac99e8f1787a6b7d4d651aaf

f2f423f3ff4e313f3157ed2a1acbcfd38e421c3520337fe6c44b3e2cb8664e28

c1be7d23e34e5c3a9d8012ab07a5e0a81cce0f8ad952ab7a471d65288df62726

8f0fccffddebf209d69666432c2d4b9d22783081d32d239e9340738eb1e6d742

9e12ca62816163b10c76fbe47295192242f955d104e9c62599fe766de0ea8d02

ce3d21945858db2208e9c36c00b6a6578300841cb4e3b34dc4f6551e70491bfd

cd4ce48ccb5560490f88d776cac5b0a77c6c58163a4b3ad8546b2f811afe4418

b98909f86f9ec9ff61fda99fbaecca6d6d95ed18ab72b0e740c469e1c8ca4cbd

c4bb9b7c291c24f78435a50b75e0b0453ef50f5ec2b4c2c4ca0b637cdb5ca3d0

93cc43cc9f14fda9e911b7fdfc26df29b30576774eebc0a07ac9454080076140

c67924cc2f456bb324f8e30b08f1e66f8446163ea8b3e595d619f098e2ecff4a

07c34b35ffe8d087b9ddaaccbad6c21935d7d7affadf6c376b17567cda01825c

329dc8b9cef0163dc40029d4a719c1f87f71c092bc583e5cf75b9ca89ff12bda

a5f3a684b49f4eb5322b7de671d8776ea7174f881c77f9617435bc097109cc44

8018760a1ac00013b3ec11ee491effe655dbb871d955b2072ee1c7178b037376

0771272361dda187eb1e1db4f5a7401b396c0c0971504f6f3233ba6b0fda5264

241a823174d6c8c732d0b43664cb7d7d9e18c093c30d7ca5ae5073dbe368961a

40a2e4aa8df9bfda748707bb6148c3cfa7d04567dc53260c718d6f4420ab6632

8da711b3563013c9361e2d8e0c347cc5b9406de46dcade38fa1fdb091805be07

f80f317dbdfee0b2b0ef64e3273a7cf9155f2c81cae194516d68e4c01dd76b3d

2487a4322209b2243ae78e9ecc78ed6e35461bd21ad41a7d91896bc79a3dc945

76287f9c76770d8298e58a7730a9b60e4e87400327b6faf137978451182a06a6

8cbd3a8e2d84ff32f745744c4d4c76fcaaec081028c5a45c933479eab63ab92a

4f50aec98eb3fff40bf389f79539feacd6a162311f88830e6982758dd577408f

48632f869283ba2cf871dbf574ee74438d7dbd0a6dc7ad33880da0a6ff28eb8a

56f3045cb14584ecb7bd6da40ae3222dc0474f781f338a7bc8995aac708fd265

02c76abd0d7348908e149682e2e515ca6d0d1eb481541c77adcbe2947089d175

7e9060422c384e90fd7be06a97e16ae603e366a7df0ba1a6be6a5a9bba57ae86

6036f2acd0317d1c7c5ae372b046d39cfbfeae5191ceda4f7a0bde1d3e8c56c1

ed81733b825298ef2249a188883e3e0bc922578a0db5db146e81fdcf55642cd7

0185dc22edabe6f92a2397c49003625ca8c06ca73982589826ab44b570561396

116757a529bd3f48829092cf32b807d0d0c89194064c30131a43967800b4b336

2764964113d448cc82c2854b3d0543b64edd728bc4c1abbbd0a5e5950f81674f

6a5af22445633b8cdad8b085635cb1236dd2b5d8136ba0855521ea29a335f157

445d972cdbfc83dd60542c6ae6d691ba87628b70e23bcce0fe6350d38fff7184

2bd79b1c222f05b11be8419480177f2147bef9542f20577c07dc260abca5e966

0f46f5b30fd714c35e2bc0d8748d952b0e14139e9659c0a1cc1ee2c6b2feaf46

df64da274714be343c4086d8dc71090add7055adc864aa3b5a5e1da234d43111

3538b9d09d9575c7e22c27d4b1ae8f2a353a35b2f3f7eed2750bdd88bdbade1f

b00186aea2417868b3e71b3e58a6e69771a453c3e1509bb59050c675902e7193

b0dcfac728073c8a36974803a918294347fc333c8d900c088bb4a14c98fc5e53

482eb9506f1582b365629c2cf8ac5a84cd589bd7ba668a4cf8157296c86b5873

Blockchain Network

Validator

Miner

Full Node

Wallet

Oracle

Proof of Work Blockchain

Miners compete to solve a cryptographic puzzle by finding a hash with a specific number of leading zeros.

Difficulty:

How Proof of Work Functions:

Miners compete to solve a cryptographic puzzle by finding a hash with specific properties (leading zeros).
They adjust a "nonce" value repeatedly until they find a valid hash.
The first miner to find a valid solution broadcasts it to the network.
Other nodes verify the solution is correct (which is easy to do).
The winning miner receives block rewards and transaction fees.

Key characteristics: